On the shores of Mumbai's Powai lake - a rare pocket of serenity in the bustling metropolis of more than 20 million people - a glitzy new campus of the University of York is getting its final finishing touches. The institute has begun recruiting students for the 2026-27 academic year, and operations are set to commence in the next few months.

We're looking at an intake of around 270 students in the first year... and that should go up to 3,000-4,000 students each year over the coming years, Lindsay Oades, provost of the University of York in Mumbai, told the BBC.

York is among nine UK universities that are setting up campuses in India following announcements last year during Sir Keir Starmer's visit to the country. Others include the University of Aberdeen, University of Bristol, University of Liverpool, Queen's University Belfast and Coventry University. The campus of the University of Southampton has already opened a campus in the capital Delhi.

Most of these planned campuses are expected to focus primarily on business, management, and engineering programmes.

In 2020, India's National Education Policy announced that foreign universities would be allowed in the country and rules were notified in 2023, creating a legal mechanism for these institutions to set up shop.

Ostensibly, the proposition appears like a win-win for UK universities facing severe fiscal pressures at home, as well as for Indian students starved of quality education locally. However, expanding on the ground will be easier said than done.

According to UK government's figures, India has 40 million university students and would need at least 70 million places in the decade to 2035, opening up an incremental market opportunity of 25-30 million seats for British universities. Moreover, there's a clear supply gap in high-quality education, with an estimated four to five million students realistically able to consider degree programmes priced above £10,000 per year.

While still much more expensive than many Indian private universities, there is a straight-up quality justification for the premium, he says, adding that universities like York follow global standards and focus on the demand for employability skills and industry partnerships.

The success of these domestic campuses will hinge on numerous factors, including maintaining UK academic standards while operating at Indian price points. Universities will need to navigate a complex regulatory landscape, and ensuring quality education within existing infrastructure will be vital for long-term viability.

As these UK universities aim to capture the aspirations of Indian students, it remains to be seen if they can compete successfully against traditional higher education pathways that many families still prefer.