The conflict, primarily between Sudan's national army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), has led to allegations that the UAE has been providing military support to the RSF, particularly aimed at eradicating the non-Arab Masalit ethnic group in West Darfur. Sudan claims the UAE has facilitated arms shipments, training, and mercenary recruitment for the RSF, calling these actions direct contributions to genocide. The UAE, however, has characterized the case as a public relations stunt, claiming it does not arm the RSF and is seeking an immediate dismissal of the charges.

In the ongoing hearings, Sudan's representatives argue that there is imminent risk of further genocidal attacks, urging the court to intervene and prevent these acts. The Sudanese government is requesting the ICJ to impose restrictions on the UAE's support to the RSF and demand accountability regarding these actions.

Despite Sudan’s claims, legal experts warn that the case may not progress far due to the UAE’s opt-out status under the Genocide Convention, which complicates the court's jurisdiction. The court’s ruling, expected in the coming weeks, will determine if they can implement urgent measures to protect the vulnerable Masalit community.

This case not only highlights the role of external influences in the Sudanese conflict but also raises critical questions about accountability and complicity in international law regarding humanitarian crises.