In Azerbaijan, the site of the ongoing COP29 climate talks, oil isn't just an industry—it's a source of local pride and cultural identity. Amid discussions on climate change and reducing emissions, many Azerbaijanis celebrate their heritage tied to oil, with spa-like resorts in Naftalan attracting visitors eager to experience the purported health benefits of the region's unique oil.
During my visit, I found myself submerged in crude oil, extracted from depths of half a mile below the surface. This was not just any oil; it was locally renowned for its supposed healing properties. While I soaked, enveloped in the viscous substance, I couldn’t help but reflect on the stark contrast between the environmental discussions of COP29 and the community's deep-seated relationship with oil.
Naftalan, approximately four hours from Baku, has a long history tied to the oil boom that helped shape the modern industry as we know it. The pride in this natural resource runs deep, with locals frequently recounting tales of oil's role in significant historical events, including the Soviet Union's victory during World War II.
However, the reality is that oil is finite, and during our exploration, we learned that the reserves in Naftalan are depleting. As of 2022, reports indicated that approximately half of the "medical" oil reserves had already been extracted, raising questions about sustainability and the future of the city's unique health tourism.
As visitors and climate advocates gather in Baku, the juxtaposition of Azerbaijan’s oil pride against the backdrop of a climate summit grappling with fossil fuels evokes a dialogue about legacy, health, and the environment. The commitment to conservation and climate justice becomes increasingly vital, yet the local traditions surrounding oil remain an integral part of Azerbaijan’s cultural landscape, revealing complexities in the global conversation on energy and health.
