Nepal has become the third country in India's immediate neighbourhood to see a violent uprising topple its government in recent years.
Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli resigned after more than 20 people died in clashes with police during anti-government demonstrations triggered by a social media ban.
A nationwide curfew is now in effect as the army attempts to regain control over the unrest, with protesters storming parliament and igniting fires at political leaders' homes.
The current scenes in Kathmandu echo the turmoil in Bangladesh last year and Sri Lanka in 2022, adding to India's anxiety over its regional stability.
India shares a unique relationship with Nepal, characterized by historical ties and economic interdependence, including an open border that facilitates movement for millions of Nepalis residing in India.
In response to the violence, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed deep sorrow over the loss of lives and emphasized the importance of stability and peace in Nepal. Modi's immediate response included convening an emergency security meeting to address the implications of the upheaval.
The unrest resonates particularly because of Nepal's strategic importance to India, given its location adjacent to China. Analysts suggest that India's reaction to continued instability will be critical in shaping future relations, especially with rival influence from China looming large.
Experts note the complexities of India’s relationship with various political factions in Nepal, observing that widespread discontent among Nepalese protesters poses a challenge for India's diplomatic engagement. With ties to multiple political parties now strained, India must navigate the political landscape carefully to ensure both stability and influence in Nepal.
