US‑Iran Memorandum of Understanding signed in Evian‑les‑Bains marks a new chapter for U.S.‑Middle East relations. President Donald Trump, and Iranian President Masoud Phezzaki, signed a 14‑point MoU that will take effect immediately and is bound to shape negotiations for a formal, longer‑term deal.
1. Immediate ceasefire everywhere
The MoU declares an "immediate and permanent" halt to all military operations in the region, covering Lebanon and the broader border zones. Both sides commit not to launch acts that could revive tensions.
2. Respect for sovereignty
The agreement establishes a mutual non‑interference stance, safeguarding each country's internal affairs—which is likely to upset Iranian opposition groups that favor more domestic autonomy.
3. 60‑day implementation drive
Within 60 days—extendible by mutual consent—the parties will negotiate a definitive final deal. The countdown has started with the MoU signing.
4. Unblocking the Strait of Hormuz
Iran will prepare the choke‑point for commercial vessels with no charge. The U.S. will lift naval blockades within 30 days, adjust port access based on traffic, and withdraw forces from the Iranian periphery within the same period.
5. $300 billion reconstruction fund
US‑led regional partners will map a mutually agreed plan worth at least $300 billion for infrastructure and economic growth. The U.S. has no obligation to contribute money, though partners may invest.
6. Sanction lifting
All U.S. economic sanctions, both UN‑mandated and unilateral, will be terminated. The dates for each will be set in the final deal. Initially, exemptions will be granted for oil and banking sectors.
7. No nuclear weapons
Iran pledges not to develop nuclear weapons, leaving the handling of enriched uranium to be determined by the International Atomic Energy Agency once the MoU is finalized.
8. Spectacular setbacks: frozen assets
The U.S. will make Iranian frozen funds available upon signing, releasing them progressively in line with Iran’s compliance with the agreement.
9. Final deal and UN endorsement
Negotiations for a binding treaty will continue, slated to be endorsed by a UN Security Council resolution. The final document will be monitored via a joint mechanism, though details remain to be hammered out.
10. Status quo of nuclear programme
Until an agreed method is reached, the U.S. will maintain the status quo, granting waivers for oil exports and petroleum product services.
11. Monitoring and compliance
Both sides will set up a joint monitoring apparatus to ensure implementation of the MoU and the final treaty, though practical terms of the mechanism are still under discussion.
12. Temporal release of assets
Some funds will be liberated immediately, while others will be released gradually as Iran executes other commitments such as uranium down‑blending.
13. Future stability in the Gulf
Iran will collaborate with Oman and Gulf allies to outline a broader agreement on the Strait’s safety, aiming to prevent toll impositions or future tensions.
14. Final handshake
Once the MoU is live, the U.S. will press for a formal treaty, concluding with UN ratification to lock the commitments into international law.
For more detail on the implications and background, read the full BBC analysis of the deal.















